- ἑταῖρος
- ἑταῖρος, ἕταιροςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `comrade, companion, friend',Other forms: f. ἑταίρα, Ion. -ρη `female comrade' (Il.); also ἕταρος (Il., Dor.), f. ἑτάρη (Δ 441).Compounds: As 2. member e. g. in φιλ-έταιρος `loving his friends' (Att.) with φιλεταιρ-ία a. o.Derivatives: ἑταιρήϊος, -εῖος (on the formation Chantraine Formation 52) `regarding the friend' (Ion.-Att.), ἑταιρικός `id.', -όν n. `political club' (Th., Hyp., Arist.), ἑταιρόσυνος `friendly' with -σύνη (late); f. ἑταιρίς = ἑταίρα (X. HG 5, 4, 6 v. l.), ἑταιρίδιον (Plu.); ἑταιρηΐη, -ρεία, -ρία `comradeship, friendship, political club etc.' (Ion.-Att.). Denomin. verbs: ἑτα(ι)ρίζω, -ομαι `be(come) comrade', late `be Hetaire' (Il.) with ἑταίρισμα, -ισμός, -ιστής (late); also ἑταιρίστρια = τριβάς (Pl. Smp. 191e; contemptible). ἑταιρέω `keep company with' (Att.) with ἑταίρησις. ἑταιρεύομαι `prostitute oneself' (hell. ).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [882] *se- refl. pron.Etymology: The diff. forms can be understood as follows: to ἕταρος was first made with a ια-suffix a fem. *ἕταιρᾰ (cf. e. g. χίμαρος : χίμαιρα), which was reshaped into ἑταίρη, -ρα and then gave ἑταῖρος, ἕταιρος; after ἑταῖρος : ἕταρος finally beside ἑταίρη a form ἑτάρη was made (Schulze Q. 82; s. also Glotta 4, 338 and Schwyzer 459; some doubts in Lommel Idg. Femininbildungen 67). - As ἕταρος etc. show no trace of a digamma (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 150, Solmsen Unt. 203), the connection with Ϝέτης `relative, friend' (s. ἔτης) must be abandoned. We have to start from the reflexive *se (s. ἕ, ἑ), with a t-enlargement in OCS po-sětiti `visit' (from *sětъ `guest', IE *set-o-), beside *su̯e-t- in Ϝέτης. On the ρ-suffix cf. e. g. νεαρός, γεραρός (partly from ρ-stems). See now Pinsent, Mél. E. Delebecque, 1983, 311-328. - Not to Lat. satelles `body-guard' (prob. Etruscan; s. W.-Hofmann s. v.).Page in Frisk: 1,579
Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό). Robert S.P.. 2010.